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1 . Ubume belizwe lamishishini diatomiteUkusukela ngeminyaka yee-1960s, emva kweminyaka ephantse ibe ngama-60 yophuhliso, ilizwe lam lenze inkqubo ye-diatomite kunye nokusetyenziswa kwekhonkco lemizi-mveliso okwesibini ukuya e-United States. Okwangoku, kukho iziseko ezintathu zemveliso eJilin, Zhejiang naseYunnan. Imakethi ye-diatomite ubukhulu becala zizinto zokucoca kunye nemathiriyeli yokugquma. Ngokubhekiselele kwisakhiwo semveliso, i-Jilin ithatha ukuveliswa kwezixhobo zokucoca njengemveliso ehamba phambili, iZhejiang ithatha ukuveliswa kwezinto zokugquma i-thermal njengemveliso ehamba phambili, kwaye uYunnan uthatha ukuveliswa kwezixhobo zokucoca ezisezantsi, izinto zokufakela i-thermal, iifayili kunye nezixhobo zodonga olulula njengemveliso ehamba phambili. Ngokwembono yemveliso yasekhaya, imveliso yelizwe lam diatomite iye yanda unyaka nonyaka kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Ukusukela ngo-2019, imveliso yediatomite yelizwe lam ibiziitoni ezingama-420,000, ukonyuka konyaka nge-1.2%. I-Diatomite isetyenziselwa kwiinkalo ezininzi ezifana nezixhobo zokucoca, izinto zokufakela i-thermal, ukwakhiwa, ukwenza iphepha, izigcwalisi, i-catalysts, unyango lomhlaba, udaka lwe-diatom, iyeza njalo njalo. Inamathemba osetyenziso olubanzi, kodwa eminye imimandla yesicelo ayikaphuhliswa kwaye isetyenziswe kwinqanaba elikhulu.

2. Uphuhliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kwediatomite kwilizwe lam

(1) Ukuphuhliswa kwezixhobo ze-Jilin diatomite zaqala kwi-1950, kwaye yayisetyenziselwa ukugcinwa kobushushu kunye nezinto eziphikisayo kwiintsuku zokuqala; uphuhliso kunye nokuveliswa kwezixhobo zokucoca kunye ne-catalysts zaqala ngo-1970; i-microporous calcium silicate insulation imveliso yaphuhliswa ngeminyaka yoo-1980, kwaye Yenza uphando kunye nophuhliso lwezicelo zezolimo. Ukususela kwiminyaka yoo-1990, i-diatomite ibe luhlobo olutsha lwezinto ezihambelana nokusingqongileyo, kwaye imfuno yemarike iye yaqhubeka ikhula, itsala inani elikhulu leeyunithi zophando lwezenzululwazi kunye namashishini ukuba enze uphando olunzulu kunye nophuhliso lwemveliso, kwaye umkhwa wokugxila kwishishini le-diatomite liye lavela ngokuthe ngcembe. Zimbini iipaki zediatomite ezikwinqanaba lephondo, ezizezi, iLinjiang Diatomite Industrial Concentration Zone kunye neBadaogou Diatomite Characteristic Industrial Park eChangbai County. Okwangoku, uJilin Baishan uye waqala ukwenza inkqubo yemveliso ye-diatomite enezixhobo zokucoca, izihluzi ezisebenzayo, izinto zokwakha eziphilayo, kunye nezinto zokuthwala njengeemveliso eziphambili. Phakathi kwazo, izixhobo zokucoca, imveliso ehamba phambili yezinto zokucoca, i-akhawunti ngaphezu kwe-90% yesabelo semarike yelizwe; iifayili ezisebenzayo, ezinjengee-agent zokuqinisa irabha, izongezo zeplastiki, izongezelelo zephepha, izihluzi zephepha ezikhaphukhaphu, izongezo zokutya, ii-agent zokuthambisa, izithambiso zokuthambisa kunye nezihluzi zokuxutywa kwamazinyo, njl. njl. Imveliso idlula iitoni ezingama-50,000; izinto zokwakha ze-ecological, ezifana ne-diatom earth slabs, iithayile zomgangatho, ipeyinti, iphepha lodonga, iithayile ze-ceramic, njl., ziye zaveliswa ngomlinganiselo omkhulu kwaye zinethemba lophuhliso oluhle; izinto zokuthwala, ezifana nabathwali be-catalyst, i-nano titanium dioxide carriers, izichumisi kunye nabathwali be-pesticide, njl., Ineempawu zokukhululwa okucothayo, ukukhuselwa kwendalo, kunye nokungaqini komhlaba, kwaye inethemba elibanzi lemarike.

(2) IYunnan inamashishini amaninzi avelisa iimveliso ezinxulumene nediatomite, kodwa ngoku kukho amashishini aqhelekileyo ambalwa. Ukwembiwa kweDiatomite eTengchong kukwembiwa kwemigodi emincinci evulekileyo ngamafama. Ngokweemfuno zokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo kurhulumente wasekhaya, amashishini ediatomite asebenza nzulu eTengchong amile, kwaye akukho mveliso iphumayo kumashishini eTengchong okanye eBaishan ukuze aqhubeke. Iimveliso eziphambili zamashishini omhlaba we-diatomaceous kwi-Xundian County yaseYunnan zibandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwendlela yomhlaba we-diatomaceous, izixhobo zokucoca, izinto zokugquma i-thermal, abathwali be-pesticide, i-rubber yokuqinisa i-rubber, njl. Idityaniswe nemigaqo-nkqubo yendawo yokhuseleko lwendalo esingqongileyo, iYunnan's diatomite ineemveliso ezingaqhelekanga kuphela.

(3) Ngenxa yemigaqo-nkqubo yendawo yokukhusela indawo e-Zhejiang, amashishini e-diatomite adibaniswe ngokusisiseko, amaninzi awo avaliwe, kwaye imigca yokuvelisa iye yachithwa. Kukho amashishini amane kuphela ediatomite eShengzhou. Izixhobo ze-diatomite ze-Zhejiang zikumgangatho ophantsi kwaye zingasetyenziselwa kuphela iibhodi zokugquma, izitena eziphikisayo, njl., kwaye azinakusetyenziselwa ukuvelisa iimveliso zoncedo lokucoca. Amashishini e-Shengzhou, eZhejiang, avelisa i-diatomite ye-Baishan yoncedo lokucoca, kunye nemveliso yonyaka ye-10,000 ukuya kwi-20,000 yeetoni, kwaye zonke ziimarike ezithe saa iinkampani zasekhaya zaseBaishan ezingenzi. Abanye bavelisa izihluzi, iibhodi zokugquma kunye nezitena eziphikisayo kunye nezitena zokugquma.

(4) I-Diatomite kwi-Inner Mongolia ingowe "Jiwo mine", kwaye iimeko zemigodi zihluphekile. I-diatomite eluhlaza enokuthi yombiwe ngokusisiseko i-algae ehambelanayo okanye i-tubular algae, enomgangatho ophantsi kunye nokusebenza kwemveliso engazinzanga. Inqunyelwe kwiipleyiti kunye nezinye ii-catalysts. Imveliso, isabelo semarike sincinci kakhulu.

3 .Ubume bokusetyenziswa kwediatomite yaseTshayina Iimveliso zediatomite zelizwe lam zisetyenziselwa ukusetyenziswa ekhaya, kwaye isixa esincinci sisetyenziselwa ukuthengisa ngaphandle. ilizwe lam lithenga kumazwe angaphandle isixa esincinci se-diatomite yexabiso elongeziweyo rhoqo ngonyaka. Emva kweminyaka engaphezu kwama-60 yophuhliso, ngoku inokuvelisa izixhobo zokucoca, izinto zokufakelwa kwe-thermal, izihluzi ezisebenzayo, izinto zokwakha, izinto ezithwala i-catalyst kunye nezinto ezixubeneyo zesamente kunye nezinye iimveliso, ezisetyenziselwa ukutya, amayeza, iikhemikhali, izinto zokwakha, ukukhuselwa kwendalo, i-petroleum, isinyithi, i-papermaking, irabha, Kukho iintlobo ezingaphezu kwama-500 zeemveliso, ngakumbi kwiimveliso zokulima kunye nezinye izinto zokulima, ukufuya izilwanyana. ukuhlanjululwa kwe-adsorption, iifayili ezisebenzayo, kunye nokuphucula umhlaba. Iziseko ezintathu eziphambili zediatomite eJilin, Zhejiang naseYunnan zisekiwe.

Izixhobo zeDiatomite kwilizwe lam zisetyenziselwa izinto zokucoca kunye nezixhobo zokugquma. Phakathi kwabo, uncedo lokucoca lusetyenziswa kakhulu kunye nemveliso eqhelekileyo ye-diatomite. Isiphumo soncedo lokucoca lubalelwa kwi-65% yentengiso iyonke ye-diatomite; fillers and abrasives account for about 13% of the total output of diatomite, and the adsorption and purification materials are about I-akhawunti ye-16% yesiphumo esipheleleyo, ukuphuculwa komhlaba kunye nezichumisi akhawunti malunga ne-5% yesiphumo esipheleleyo, kwaye ezinye zimalunga ne-1%.

Ngokubanzi, imveliso ye-diatomite kwilizwe lam ibonisa ukunyuka okuthe gqolo, ngokukodwa okubandakanya iimveliso ze-flux-calcined, iimveliso ze-calcined ezinobushushu obuphantsi, iimveliso ezingenayo i-calcined, kunye ne-granulation engekho calcined. Ngophuhliso loqoqosho lwelizwe lam kunye nenkqubo yokufudukela ezidolophini, imfuno yelizwe lam yobutyebi be-diatomite iyanda. Ukusukela ngo-1994 ukuya ku-2019, ukusetyenziswa kwediatomite kwilizwe lam kuye kwanda unyaka nonyaka.